How much do you know about extrusion process?

Aug 13,2018

The word extrusion comes from the Latin "extrudere" which means to force a material through an orifice. The extrusion consists of passing under the action of pressure a thermoplastic material through a hole with more or less complex shape (spinneret), in such a way, and continuous, that the material acquires a cross section equal to that of the hole. In the extrusion of thermoplastics the process is not so simple, since during the same, the polymer melts inside a cylinder and later, cooled in a extruder cylinder. This extrusion process has for objectives, a process that is normally continuous, used for the production of profiles, tubes, plastic films, plastic sheets, etc.

Within the conformation of polymers, extrusion is widely used with thermoplastics and elastomers, but rarely with thermo fixes, to mass produce items such as pipes, ducts, sheets, films, wire and electrical cable coatings, structural profiles such as window mouldings and doors. For this type of products, the extrusion is carried out with a continuous process; the product is extruded and cut immediately into the desired lengths.

Extrusion is one of the oldest methods for shaping plastic materials with relatively simple profiles. It is a process by compression in which the material is forced to flow through the hole of a die to generate a long and continuous product whose shape of the cross section is determined by the shape of the nozzle. With the help of extrusion, the highest volume of polymer production is realized, since it is not only used for the production of bars, tubes, sheets and films in thermoplastic materials, but also for the meticulous mixing of all kinds of plastics and for the production of granules.
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